02706nam a22003857u 4500001001000000003000400010005001700014008004100031040000800072041000800080084003400088100002300122245015500145260008600300300004600386490003900432520150400471650001901975650001701994650002402011650001202035650002002047651001302067651001202080651001502092651001202107651001102119651001202130700002302142700002602165700002402191700001802215830005202233856003502285pwiiw7468OSt20260518120040.0251117t2025    au ||||| |||| 00| ||eng d  cOSt  aeng  aF02aF15aF55aP52aO522jelc1 aGrieveson, Richard10aAnother Round of EU Enlargement:  What are the economic and institutional must-haves for candidate countries to make accelerated enlargement possible?  aWien :bWiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche (wiiw),c2025.  a104 S., b2 Tables and 63 Figures,c30cm.1 awiiw Policy Notes and Reportsv102  aThis study identifies the minimum economic and institutional conditions that candidate countries must meet to ensure macroeconomic stability, sustainable growth, and effective integration into the EU, under a politically accelerated enlargement process. In the area of external accounts, successful past accessions managed current account deficits through FDI into tradable sectors, while real effective exchange rate misalignments and FDI into non-tradables led to post-accession instability. Key reforms include building export capacity, targeting FDI to tradables, aligning wages with productivity, and reducing debt-financed imbalances. On fiscal policy, while fiscal discipline is essential, overly conservative approaches can hinder growth. Countries with high debt-to-GDP ratios at accession faced prolonged austerity. Reforms should focus on fiscal sustainability, growth-oriented spending, tax base expansion, and procurement transparency. Labour market challenges include depopulation, low productivity, and high poverty. Effective employment policies, migration strategies, regional equity, and education-labour market alignment are essential. Institutional quality remains a critical barrier. Weak rule of law, corruption, and governance backsliding threaten accession prospects and must be addressed before accession. The study concludes that a focused set of pre-accession ‘must haves’ can guide enlargement, supported by adapted EU tools to mitigate risks and foster convergence.
  aEU Enlargement  aEU Accession  aCandidate Countries  aUkraine  aWestern Balkans  aBulgaria  aCroatia  aMontenegro  aRomania  aSerbia  aUkraine1 aGutzianas, Ioannis1 aJovanović, Branimir1 aLandesmann, Michael1 aPindyuk, Olga 0v102wWIIW0000092twiiw Policy Notes and Reports40uhttps://wiiw.ac.at/p-7468.html